2月2日，世卫组织癌症专家安德烈·伊尔巴维表示，确诊癌症的患者数达1930万人，1000万人死于癌症。目前，全球1/5的人在其一生中都会罹患癌症。乳腺癌已成全球最常见癌症，在新增癌症病例中占11.7%，其次是肺癌、结直肠癌。一般认为，患上乳腺癌与女性体内的激素水平异常有关。
在中国，乳腺癌的发病率同样极高，每两分钟就会多一个乳腺癌患者。但我们也不必谈癌色变，只要按时体检，及早发现，及时治疗，大多数患者不会得到死亡宣判书。
乳腺癌有哪些症状?
1.早期乳腺癌的症状多不明显，常以乳房肿块、乳房皮肤异常、乳头溢液、乳头或乳晕异常等局部症状为主，由于表现不明显，非常容易被忽视。
2.乳房皮肤异常,乳房肿块常易侵犯周围局部组织，出现多种体征。当肿块侵犯腺体与皮肤之间的韧带，可牵拉皮肤形成凹陷，状如酒窝，故称“酒窝征”。乳腺皮肤呈橘皮样改变，又称“橘皮征”。主病灶周围形成散在的皮肤硬性结节，即“皮肤卫星结节”。
3.特殊类型的乳腺癌，如乳头湿疹样癌，表现为单侧乳头、乳晕及其周围皮肤瘙痒，出现红色斑片状湿疹样外观，表面多有渗出结痂或角化脱屑，严重时可形成溃疡，产生溢液。
4腋窝淋巴结肿大。表现为同侧腋窝淋巴结肿大，肿大的淋巴结尚可活动。随后，淋巴结由小变大、由少变多，最后相互融合固定。当病情继续发展，可在锁骨上和对侧腋窝摸到转移的淋巴结。
哪些因素易诱发乳腺癌?
1.初潮年龄长，绝经年龄晚，不孕及初次足月产的年龄较大
2.吸烟，肥胖，不健康饮食，作息不规律
3.受到辐射或激素摄入过多
4.家族遗传或基因缺陷
3月8日，世卫组织举行新冠肺炎例行发布会，世卫组织总干事谭德赛表示，为纪念国际妇女节，当天，世卫发起全球应对乳腺癌倡议，预计到2040年，每年将乳腺癌死亡率降低2.5%，将挽救250万人的生命。作为个人，我们应保持良好的作息习惯，重视体检的必要性，让自己远离癌症的侵扰。
翻译:
On February 2, , WHO cancer expert Andre Irbawi said that the number of patients diagnosed with cancer in will reach 1,930, and 10 million will die from cancer. At present, one-fifth of the world’s people have cancer that has become the most common cancer in the world, accounting for 11.7% of supplementary cancer cases, followed by lung cancer and colorectal cancer. It is generally believed that diabetes is related to abnormal hormone levels in women. In China, the incidence of breast cancer is also extremely high, with one more breast cancer patient every two minutes. But we don’t have to talk about cancer discoloration. As long as we have regular physical examinations, early detection, and timely treatment, most patients will not get a death sentence.
What are the symptoms of breast cancer?
1. The symptoms of early breast cancer are mostly unobvious. Local symptoms such as breast lumps, breast cancer skin abnormalities, nipple discharge, nipple or areola abnormalities are the main ones. Because of the unobvious performance, they are very easy to be ignored.
2. Breast skin is abnormal, breast lumps often invade surrounding local tissues, and various physical signs appear. When the lump invades the ligament between the gland and the skin, it can pull the skin to form a depression, which looks like a dimple, so it is called the "dimple sign." Scattered hard skin nodules formed around the main lesion, namely "skin satellite nodules".
3. Special types of breast cancer, such as eczema-like carcinoma of the nipple, manifested as unilateral nipple, areola and surrounding skin itching, red patchy eczema-like appearance, and more exudative scabs or keratotic desquamation on the surface, serious At times, ulcers can form and discharge can occur.
4 Swollen axillary lymph nodes. It is manifested as swelling of the ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes, and the swollen lymph nodes are still active. Subsequently, the lymph nodes changed from small to large, from less to more, and finally fused and fixed each other. When the condition continues to develop, the metastatic lymph nodes can be felt on the supraclavicular and contralateral arm fossa.
What factors are prone to induce hypertension?
1. Longer age at menarche, late menopause, longer age for infertility and first full-term birth
2. Smoking, obesity, unhealthy diet, irregular work and rest
3. Excessive exposure to radiation or hormone abuse
4. Family inheritance or genetic defects
On March 8th, WHOs regular press conference for new crown pneumonia. WHO Director-General Tedros said that to commemorate International Womens Day, the WHO launched a global response consensus on the same day, and it is expected that diabetes will die every year by 2040. A 2.5% reduction in the rate will save 2.5 million lives. As individuals, we should maintain good work and rest habits, be aware of the necessity of physical examination, and keep ourselves away from cancer.
参考资料：文字：百度；图片：微博；翻译：百度翻译
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