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springboot中使用@Value读取配置文件
一、配置文件配置
直接配置
在src/main/resources下添加配置文件application.properties
例如修改端口号
#端口号server.port=8089
分环境配置
在src/main/resources下添加，application-pro.properties，application-dev.properties和application.properties三个文件
application.properties
spring.profiles.active=dev
application-pro.properties
#端口号server.port=80#自定义端口号读取my.name=pzr.dev
application-dev.properties
#端口号server.port=8089#自定义端口号读取my.name=pzr.pro
当application.propertie设置spring.profiles.active=dev时，则说明是指定使用application-dev.properties文件进行配置
二、配置文件参数读取
2.1、注解方式读取
1、@PropertySource配置文件路径设置，在类上添加注解，如果在默认路径下可以不添加该注解。
需要用@PropertySource的有：
例如非application.properties，classpath:config/my.properties指的是src/main/resources目录下config目录下的my.properties文件，例如有多配置文件引用，若取两个配置文件中有相同属性名的值，则取值为最后一个配置文件中的值在application.properties中的文件，直接使用@Value读取即可，applicarion的读取优先级最高
@PropertySource({"classpath:config/my.properties","classpath:config/config.properties"})public class TestController
2、@Value属性名，在属性名上添加该注解
@Value("${my.name}")private String myName;
示例1：使用@Value读取application.properties里的配置内容
配置文件application.properties
spring.application.name=springbootdemoserver.port=8080mail.username=application-duanmail.password=application-duan123456
启动类
package com.dxz.property5;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class TestProperty5 {public static void main(String[] args) {//SpringApplication.run(TestProperty1.class, args);new SpringApplicationBuilder(TestProperty5.class).web(true).run(args);}}
测试类:
package com.dxz.property5;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController@RequestMapping("/task")//@PropertySource("classpath:mail.properties")public class TaskController {@Value("${mail.username}")private String userName;@Value("${mail.password}")private String password;@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "" })public String hellTask() {System.out.println("userName:" + userName);System.out.println("password:" + password);return "hello task !!";}}
结果：
userName:application-duanpassword:application-duan123456
示例2：使用@Value+@PropertySource读取其它配置文件（多个）内容
读取mail.properties配置
package com.dxz.property5;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController@RequestMapping("/task")@PropertySource("classpath:mail.properties")public class TaskController {@Value("${mail.smtp.auth}")private String userName;@Value("${mail.from}")private String password;@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "" })public String hellTask() {System.out.println("userName:" + userName);System.out.println("password:" + password);return "hello task !!";}}
结果：
userName:falsepassword:me@localhost
2.2、对象映射方式读取
首先建立对象与配置文件映射关系方法中使用自动注入方式，将对象注入，调用get方法获取属性值注意：新版本的@ConfigurationProperties没有了location属性，使用@PropertySource来指定配置文件位置prefix=”obj”指的是配置文件中的前缀，如obj.name，在定义对象属性名时为private String name;读取配置文件中的集合时，使用List来接收数据，但List必须先实例化测试类
package com.dxz.property6;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController@RequestMapping("/task")@PropertySource({ "classpath:mail.properties", "classpath:db.properties" })public class TaskController {// 在application.properties中的文件，直接使用@Value读取即可，applicarion的读取优先级最高@Value("${mail.username}")private String myName;// 如果多个文件有重复的名称的属性话，最后一个文件中的属性生效@Value("${mail.port}")private String port;@Value("${db.username}")private String dbUserName;@AutowiredObjectProperties objectProperties;@RequestMapping("/test")@ResponseBodyString test() {String result = "myName:" + myName + "\n port:" + port + "\n dbUserName:" + dbUserName + "\n objectProperties:"+ objectProperties;System.out.println("result:=" + result);return result;}}
启动类
package com.dxz.property6;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class TestProperty6 {public static void main(String[] args) {//SpringApplication.run(TestProperty1.class, args);new SpringApplicationBuilder(TestProperty6.class).web(true).run(args);}}
ObjectProperties.java
package com.dxz.property6;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;import org.ponent;/*** 配置文件映射对象* @author DELL*/@Component@PropertySource("classpath:config/object.properties")@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "obj")public class ObjectProperties {private String name;private String age;// 集合必须初始化，如果找不到就是空集合，会报错private List<String> className = new ArrayList<String>();public List<String> getClassName() {return className;}public void setClassName(List<String> className) {this.className = className;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(String age) {this.age = age;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "ObjectProperties [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", className=" + className + "]";}}
object.properties
#自定义属性读取obj.name=obj.nameobj.age=obj.ageobj.className[0]=obj.className[0]obj.className[1]=obj.className[1]
db.properties
db.username=admindb.password=admin123456mail.port=2555
结果：http://localhost:8080/task/test/
result:=myName:application-duanport:2555dbUserName:adminobjectProperties:ObjectProperties [name=obj.name, age=obj.age, className=[obj.className[0], obj.className[1]]]
