【实验名称】实验五、广播实验
【实验目的】
1、了解使用Intent进行组件通信的原理；
2、了解Intent过滤器的原理和匹配机制；
3、掌握发送和接收广播的方法
【实验内容】
任务1、普通广播；
任务2、系统广播；
任务3、有序广播；
【实验要求】
1、练习使用静态方法和动态方法注册广播接收器
2、练习发送广播消息的方法；
（请完成如下部分）
【实验设计】
静态注册
动态注册
MainActivity.java
package com.example.test04_broadcast;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import ponentName;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);}public void staticSys(View view){Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, StaticReceiver.class);startActivity(intent);}public void actionSys(View view){Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ActionReceiver.class);startActivity(intent);}public void orderSys(View view){Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, OrderReceiver.class);startActivity(intent);}}
ActionReceiver.java
package com.example.test04_broadcast;import android.app.Activity;import ponentName;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import androidx.annotation.Nullable;public class ActionReceiver extends Activity {protected static final String ACTION ="com.eoeAndroid.broadcastReceiver.RECEIVER_ACTION";private MyReceiver myReceiver;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.actionlayout);}public void sendAct(View view){Intent intent=new Intent(); //实例化Intentintent.setAction(ACTION);//设置Intent的action属性intent.putExtra("info","动态方法");sendBroadcast(intent);}public void register(View view){myReceiver = new MyReceiver();IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();filter.addAction(ACTION);registerReceiver(myReceiver, filter);}public void unregister(View view){unregisterReceiver(myReceiver);}}
MyOrderReceiverOne.java
package com.example.test04_broadcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;public class MyOrderReceiverOne extends BroadcastReceiver {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {System.out.println("我收到有序的啦");}}
MyOrderReceiverTwo.java
package com.example.test04_broadcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;public class MyOrderReceiverTwo extends BroadcastReceiver {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {System.out.println("我收到有序的啦");}}
MyOrderReceiverThree.java
package com.example.test04_broadcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;public class MyOrderReceiverThree extends BroadcastReceiver {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {System.out.println("我收到有序的啦");}}
MyReceiver.java
package com.example.test04_broadcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.view.Gravity;import android.widget.Toast;public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {public MyReceiver() {}@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {Toast t = Toast.makeText(context,"广播方式："+intent.getStringExtra("info"), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);t.setGravity(Gravity.TOP,0,40);t.show();}}
StaticReceiver.java
package com.example.test04_broadcast;import android.app.Activity;import ponentName;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;public class StaticReceiver extends Activity {@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.staticlayout);}public void send(View view){Intent intent = new Intent();//intent.setAction("com.eoeAndroid.broadcastReceiver.RECEIVER_ACTION");intent.putExtra("info","静态方法");intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(getPackageName(),"com.example.test04_broadcast.MyReceiver"));sendBroadcast(intent);}}
actionlayout.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="/tools"android:orientation="vertical"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"tools:context=".ActionReceiver"><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/actBroadcast"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "发送Broadcast"android:onClick="sendAct"/><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/registerReceiver"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "创建"android:onClick="register"/><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/unregisterReceiver"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "注销"android:onClick="unregister"/></LinearLayout>
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="/tools"android:orientation="vertical"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"tools:context=".MainActivity"><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/staticButton"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "静态方法"android:onClick="staticSys"/><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/actionButton"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "动态方法"android:onClick="actionSys"/><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/orderButton"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "有序广播"android:onClick="orderSys"/></LinearLayout>
orderlayout.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="/tools"android:orientation="vertical"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"tools:context=".OrderReceiver"><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/orderBroadcast"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "发送Broadcast"android:onClick="sendOrd"/></LinearLayout>
staticlayout.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="/tools"android:orientation="vertical"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"tools:context=".StaticReceiver"><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/btnBroadcast"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "发送Broadcast"android:onClick="send"/></LinearLayout>
【实验分析或心得】
静态注册的优点是无论应用程序是否处于运行状态，广播接受者都会对程序进行监听。并在清单文件中完成注册。动态注册是创建一个广播接收者，并在Activity中进行注册，动态注册的广播接收者的生命周期依赖于注册广播的组件。当Activity销毁时，广播接收者也被移除。
