java发送http请求 utf8_Java 发送http请求（get post）的示例

1.情景展示

java发送get请求、post请求(form表单、json数据)至另一服务器；

可设置HTTP请求头部信息，可以接收服务器返回cookie信息，可以上传文件等；

2.代码实现

所需jar包：httpcore-4.4.1.jar；httpclient-4.4.1.jar；httpmime-4.4.1.jar；epoint-utils-9.3.3.jar

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;

import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import .ssl.HostnameVerifier;

import .ssl.SSLContext;

import .ssl.SSLSession;

import org.apache.http.Header;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPatch;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;

import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;

import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;

import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;

import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import com.epoint.core.utils.string.StringUtil;

/**

* HttpClient工具类，使用http-client包实现，原先的common-httpclient已经淘汰

*

* @作者 ko

* @version [版本号, 10月18日]

*/

public class HttpUtil

{

private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connMgr;

private static RequestConfig requestConfig;

private static final int MAX_TIMEOUT = 7000;

/**

* 直接以流返回

*/

public static final int RTN_TYPE_1 = 1;

/**

* 直接以string返回

*/

public static final int RTN_TYPE_2 = 2;

/**

* 以map返回，reslut:接口结果string;statusCode:http状态码

*/

public static final int RTN_TYPE_3 = 3;

/**

* 以map返回，reslut:接口结果string;statusCode:http状态码;cookie:response的cookie

* cookie值键值对，格式 key1=value1;key2=value2;...

*/

public static final int RTN_TYPE_4 = 4;

/**

* 默认上传文件的文件流或file 的key Name

*/

private static final String DEFAULT_BINARYBODY_KEYNAME = "file";

static {

// 设置连接池

connMgr = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();

// 设置连接池大小

connMgr.setMaxTotal(100);

connMgr.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(connMgr.getMaxTotal());

// 在提交请求之前 测试连接是否可用

connMgr.setValidateAfterInactivity(1);

RequestConfig.Builder configBuilder = RequestConfig.custom();

// 设置连接超时

configBuilder.setConnectTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);

// 设置读取超时

configBuilder.setSocketTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);

// 设置从连接池获取连接实例的超时

configBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);

requestConfig = configBuilder.build();

}

/**

* 发送 GET请求

*

* @param apiUrl

* API接口URL

* @return String 响应内容

*/

public static String doGet(String apiUrl) {

return doHttp(apiUrl, null, "get", RTN_TYPE_2);

}

/**

* 发送POST请求

*

* @param apiUrl

* API接口URL

* @param params

* K-V参数

* @return String 响应内容

*/

public static String doPost(String apiUrl, Map params) {

return doHttp(apiUrl, params, "post", RTN_TYPE_2);

}

/**

* 发送POST请求

*

* @param apiUrl

* API接口URL

* @param json

* json参数

* @return String 响应内容

*/

public static String doPostJson(String apiUrl, String json) {

return doHttp(apiUrl, json, "post", RTN_TYPE_2);

}

/**

* 发送 http 请求

*

* @param apiUrl

* API接口URL

* @param params

* {Map K-V形式、json字符串}

* @param method

* {null、或者post:POST请求、patch:PATCH请求、delete:DELETE请求、get:GET请求}

* @param type

* {HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_1:请求返回stream(此时流需要在外部手动关闭);HttpUtil.

* RTN_TYPE_2:string;HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_3:返回一个map,map包含结果(

* 结果是string形式)以及http状态码;HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_4:返回一个map,map包含结果(

* 结果是string形式), http状态码和cookie;其他情况返回string}

* 如果结果是个map,key为:result,statusCode,cookie,分别返回 结果

* string,http状态码，cookie; cookie值键值对，格式

* key1=value1;key2=value2;...

* @return stream或 string 或 map

*/

public static T doHttp(String apiUrl, Object params, String method, int type) {

return doHttp(apiUrl, null, params, method, type);

}

/**

* 发送 http 请求

*

* @param apiUrl

* API接口URL

* @param headerMap

* header信息Map,可设置cookie

* @param params

* {Map K-V形式、json字符串}

* @param method

* {null、或者post:POST请求、patch:PATCH请求、delete:DELETE请求、get:GET请求}

* @param type

* {HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_1:请求返回stream(此时流需要在外部手动关闭);HttpUtil.

* RTN_TYPE_2:string;HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_3:返回一个map,map包含结果(

* 结果是string形式)以及http状态码;HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_4:返回一个map,map包含结果(

* 结果是string形式), http状态码和cookie;其他情况返回string}

* 如果结果是个map,key为:result,statusCode,cookie,分别返回 结果

* string,http状态码，cookie; cookie值键值对，格式

* key1=value1;key2=value2;...

* @return stream或 string 或 map

*/

public static T doHttp(String apiUrl, Map headerMap, Object params, String method, int type) {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;

if (isSSL(apiUrl)) {

httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(createSSLConnSocketFactory())

.setConnectionManager(connMgr).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();

}

else {

httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

}

return doHttp(httpClient, apiUrl, headerMap, params, method, type);

}

/**

* 发送 http 请求

*

* @param httpClient

* httpclient对象 由外部传入，用户 需要保持登录状态等情况 此时如果要ssl,那么要在外部加入ssl特性

* httpClient =

* HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(HttpUtil.

* createSSLConnSocketFactory())

* .setConnectionManager(HttpUtil.getConnMgr()).

* setDefaultRequestConfig(HttpUtil..getRequestConfig()).build();

* @param apiUrl

* API接口URL

* @param headerMap

* header信息Map,可设置cookie

*

* @param params

* {Map K-V形式、json字符串}

* @param method

* {null、或者post:POST请求、patch:PATCH请求、delete:DELETE请求、get:GET请求}

* @param type

* {HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_1:请求返回stream(此时流需要在外部手动关闭);HttpUtil.

* RTN_TYPE_2:string;HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_3:返回一个map,map包含结果(

* 结果是string形式)以及http状态码;HttpUtil.RTN_TYPE_4:返回一个map,map包含结果(

* 结果是string形式), http状态码和cookie;其他情况返回string}

* 如果结果是个map,key为:result,statusCode,cookie,分别返回 结果

* string,http状态码，cookie; cookie值键值对，格式

* key1=value1;key2=value2;...

* @return stream或 string 或 map

*/

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

public static T doHttp(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, String apiUrl, Map headerMap,

Object params, String method, int type) {

HttpRequestBase httpPost = null;

if (StringUtil.isNotBlank(method)) {

if ("patch".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) {

httpPost = new HttpPatch(apiUrl);

}

else if ("delete".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) {

httpPost = new HttpDelete(apiUrl);

}

else if ("get".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) {

httpPost = new HttpGet(apiUrl);

}

else if ("post".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) {

httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);

}

}

else {

httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);

}

CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

try {

// 设置header信息

if (headerMap != null && !headerMap.isEmpty()) {

for (Map.Entry entry : headerMap.entrySet()) {

httpPost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());

}

}

if (isSSL(apiUrl)) {

httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

}

// 参数不为null、要处理参数

if (params != null) {

// get请求拼接在url后面

if (httpPost instanceof HttpGet) {

StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer();

if (params instanceof Map) {

Map paramsConvert = (Map) params;

int i = 0;

for (String key : paramsConvert.keySet()) {

if (i == 0)

param.append("?");

else

param.append("&");

param.append(key).append("=").append(paramsConvert.get(key));

i++;

}

}

else {

param.append("?" + params.toString());

}

apiUrl += param;

}

// delete请求暂不处理

else if (!(httpPost instanceof HttpDelete)) {

// K-V形式

if (params instanceof Map) {

Map paramsConvert = (Map) params;

List pairList = new ArrayList<>(paramsConvert.size());

for (Map.Entry entry : paramsConvert.entrySet()) {

NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(),

entry.getValue() == null ? "" : entry.getValue().toString());

pairList.add(pair);

}

((HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase) httpPost)

.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));

}

// json格式

else {

StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(params.toString(), "UTF-8");

stringEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");

stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");

((HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase) httpPost).setEntity(stringEntity);

}

}

}

response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

// int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

// if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {

// return null;

// }

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

if (entity != null) {

if (type == RTN_TYPE_1) {

return (T) entity.getContent();

}

else if (RTN_TYPE_2 == type) {

return (T) EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

}

else if (RTN_TYPE_3 == type || RTN_TYPE_4 == type) {

Map rtnMap = new HashMap();

rtnMap.put("result", EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));

rtnMap.put("statusCode", response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "");

if (RTN_TYPE_4 == type) {

rtnMap.put("cookie", getCookie(response));

}

return (T) rtnMap;

}

else {

return (T) EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

}

}

}

catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

finally {

if (response != null && type != RTN_TYPE_1) {

try {

EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());

}

catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

return null;

}

/**

* 上传附件(post形式)

*

* @param url

* 请求地址

* @param headerMap

* header参数map Map

* @param paramMap

* 额外的参数map,Map

* @param file

* 可以选择本地文件上传；如果传了file，又传了fileName，那么文件名以fileName为准，否则 是file的文件名

* @param fileName

* 以流传输时，必须指定文件名

* @param ssl

* 是否需要ssl

* @return result,返回上传结果，如果接口没有返回值，则为状态码

*/

public static String upload(String url, Map headerMap, Map paramMap, File file,

String fileName, boolean ssl) {

return upload(url, headerMap, paramMap, file, null, fileName, ssl);

}

/**

* 上传附件(post形式)

*

* @param url

* 请求地址

* @param headerMap

* header参数map Map

* @param paramMap

* 额外的参数map,Map

* @param in

* 文件流

* @param fileName

* 以流传输时，必须指定文件名

* @param ssl

* 是否需要ssl

* @return result,返回上传结果，如果接口没有返回值，则为状态码

*/

public static String upload(String url, Map headerMap, Map paramMap, InputStream in,

String fileName, boolean ssl) {

return upload(url, headerMap, paramMap, null, in, fileName, ssl);

}

/**

* 上传附件(post形式)

*

* @param httpClient

* 外部传入httpClient

* @param url

* 请求地址

* @param headerMap

* header参数map Map

* @param paramMap

* 额外的参数map,Map

* @param file

* 可以选择本地文件上传；如果传了file，又传了fileName，那么文件名以fileName为准，否则 是file的文件名

* @param fileName

* 以流传输时，必须指定文件名

* @param ssl

* 是否需要ssl

* @return result,返回上传结果，如果接口没有返回值，则为状态码

*/

public static String upload(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, String url, Map headerMap,

Map paramMap, File file, String fileName, boolean ssl) {

return upload(httpClient, url, headerMap, paramMap, file, null, fileName, ssl);

}

/**

* 上传附件(post形式)

*

* @param httpClient

* 外部传入httpClient

* @param url

* 请求地址

* @param headerMap

* header参数map Map

* @param paramMap

* 额外的参数map,Map

* @param in

* 文件流

* @param fileName

* 以流传输时，必须指定文件名

* @param ssl

* 是否需要ssl

* @return result,返回上传结果，如果接口没有返回值，则为状态码

*/

public static String upload(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, String url, Map headerMap,

Map paramMap, InputStream in, String fileName, boolean ssl) {

return upload(httpClient, url, headerMap, paramMap, null, in, fileName, ssl);

}

/**

* 上传附件(post形式)

*

* @param url

* 请求地址

* @param headerMap

* header参数map Map

* @param paramMap

* 额外的参数map,Map

* @param file

* 可以选择本地文件上传，file,in互斥；如果传了file，又传了fileName，那么文件名以fileName为准，否则

* 是file的文件名

* @param in

* 文件流

* @param fileName

* 以流传输时，必须指定文件名

* @param ssl

* 是否需要ssl

* @return result,返回上传结果，如果接口没有返回值，则为状态码

*/

private static String upload(String url, Map headerMap, Map paramMap, File file,

InputStream in, String fileName, boolean ssl) {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;

if (ssl) {

httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(createSSLConnSocketFactory())

.setConnectionManager(connMgr).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();

}

else {

httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

}

return upload(httpClient, url, headerMap, paramMap, file, in, fileName, ssl);

}

/**

* 上传附件(post形式)

*

* @param httpClient

* 外部传入httpClient

* @param url

* 请求地址

* @param headerMap

* header参数map Map

* @param paramMap

* 额外的参数map,Map

* @param file

* 可以选择本地文件上传，file,in互斥；如果传了file，又传了fileName，那么文件名以fileName为准，否则

* 是file的文件名

* @param in

* 文件流

* @param fileName

* 以流传输时，必须指定文件名

* @param ssl

* 是否需要ssl

* @return result,返回上传结果，如果接口没有返回值，则为状态码

*/

private static String upload(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, String url, Map headerMap,

Map paramMap, File file, InputStream in, String fileName, boolean ssl) {

String result = "";

CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

try {

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

// 设置header信息

if (headerMap != null && !headerMap.isEmpty()) {

for (Map.Entry entry : headerMap.entrySet()) {

httpPost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());

}

}

if (ssl) {

httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

}

MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();

// 选择以file形式上传

if (file != null && file.exists()) {

if (StringUtil.isNotBlank(fileName)) {

builder.addBinaryBody(DEFAULT_BINARYBODY_KEYNAME, file, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY, fileName);

}

else {

builder.addBinaryBody(DEFAULT_BINARYBODY_KEYNAME, file);

}

}

// 以流上传

else if (in != null && StringUtil.isNotBlank(fileName)) {

builder.addBinaryBody(DEFAULT_BINARYBODY_KEYNAME, in, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY, fileName);

}

if (paramMap != null && !paramMap.isEmpty()) {

for (Map.Entry entry : paramMap.entrySet()) {

builder.addPart(entry.getKey(), new StringBody(entry.getValue(), ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN));

}

}

HttpEntity reqEntity = builder.build();

httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);

response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

if (entity != null) {

result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

}

else {

result = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "";

}

}

catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

finally {

if (response != null) {

try {

EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());

}

catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

return result;

}

private static String getCookie(HttpResponse httpResponse) {

Map cookieMap = new HashMap(64);

Header headers[] = httpResponse.getHeaders("Set-Cookie");

if (headers == null || headers.length == 0) {

return null;

}

String cookie = "";

for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {

cookie += headers[i].getValue();

if (i != headers.length - 1) {

cookie += ";";

}

}

String cookies[] = cookie.split(";");

for (String c : cookies) {

c = c.trim();

if (cookieMap.containsKey(c.split("=")[0])) {

cookieMap.remove(c.split("=")[0]);

}

cookieMap.put(c.split("=")[0],

c.split("=").length == 1 ? "" : (c.split("=").length == 2 ? c.split("=")[1] : c.split("=", 2)[1]));

}

String cookiesTmp = "";

for (String key : cookieMap.keySet()) {

cookiesTmp += key + "=" + cookieMap.get(key) + ";";

}

return cookiesTmp.substring(0, cookiesTmp.length() - 2);

}

/**

* 创建SSL安全连接

*

* @return

*/

public static SSLConnectionSocketFactory createSSLConnSocketFactory() {

SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = null;

try {

SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy()

{

public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

return true;

}

}).build();

sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new HostnameVerifier()

{

@Override

public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {

return true;

}

});

}

catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return sslsf;

}

public static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager getConnMgr() {

return connMgr;

}

public static RequestConfig getRequestConfig() {

return requestConfig;

}

private static boolean isSSL(String apiUrl) {

if (apiUrl.indexOf("https") != -1 ) {

return true;

}

else {

return false;

}

}

}

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