前言
之前爬取美团，马蜂窝等网站的数据都挺顺利，大众点评（这个反爬机制有点麻烦）在磕磕绊绊中也算成功（重点是网页页数的变化和关键字的隐藏替换）但携程居然遇到了瓶颈。
主要是查看源代码时发现关键商户信息根本就找不到，就很奇怪。对于关键信息评论发现翻页时网页的url不变，网上查了一下说是使用是动态的网址进行建构的，Ajax页面加载，那么通用的request.get()就不能用了，所以采取模拟浏览器进行数据爬取。
为什么选取龟峰呢？因为正好才从龟峰回来，这几乎是去过的人最少的5A级景区，大胆猜测数据可能没有那么多（相比去的其他地方而言）而且去的时候惊喜的给免了门票，所以用这个来测试。
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第一步：打开网页
可能需要登录后才能查看评价
查看网页源代码
可以看到无法加载出关键评论信息
F12查看评论的具体代码，如下图找到评论列表，找到url和request payload
至此已经获取了网址最重要的内容
直接上完整代码
import requestsimport jsonimport timeimport csvimport rec=open(r'D:\guifeng.csv','a+',newline='',encoding='utf-8')fieldnames=['user','time','score','content']writer=csv.DictWriter(c,fieldnames=fieldnames)writer.writeheader()head = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:56.0) Gecko/0101 Firefox/56.0'}postUrl = "https://sec-/restapi/soa2/12530/json/viewCommentList"data_1 = {"pageid": "290510","viewid": "127481","tagid": "-11","pagenum": "1","pagesize": "10","contentType": "json","SortType": "1","head": {"appid": "100013776","cid": "09031010311083118856","ctok": "","cver": "1.0","lang": "01","sid": "8888","syscode": "09","auth": "","extension": [{"name": "protocal","value": "https"}]},"ver": "7.10.3.0319180000"}html = requests.post(postUrl, data=json.dumps(data_1)).texthtml = json.loads(html)jingqu = '龟峰'pages = html['data']['totalpage']datas = []for j in range(pages):data1 = {"pageid": "290510","viewid": "127481","tagid": "-11","pagenum": str(j + 1),"pagesize": "10","contentType": "json","SortType": "1","head": {"appid": "100013776","cid": "09031010311083118856","ctok": "","cver": "1.0","lang": "01","sid": "8888","syscode": "09","auth": "","extension": [{"name": "protocal","value": "https"}]},"ver": "7.10.3.0319180000"}datas.append(data1)for k in datas[:50]:print('正在抓取第' + k['pagenum'] + "页")time.sleep(3)html1 = requests.post(postUrl, data=json.dumps(k)).texthtml1 = json.loads(html1)comments = html1['data']['comments']for i in comments:user = i['uid']time1 = i['date']score = i['score']content = i['content']content = re.sub(" ", "", content)content = re.sub("", "", content)writer.writerow({'user': user,'time':time1,'score': score,'content':content})c.close()
即
按F5直接运行得出文件（自动存储在D盘里）
右键以记事本打开（如果使用excel需要先另存为否则初次打开会是乱码）
关键步骤解读
postUrl = "https://sec-/restapi/soa2/12530/json/viewCommentList"
这个网址是评论的通用网址不需要改动
可以改动的地方为：
c=open(r'D:\guifeng.csv','a+',newline='',encoding='utf-8')
存储的路径可以自定义，这里我直接用的是D盘
data_1 = {"pageid": "290510","viewid": "127481","tagid": "-11","pagenum": "1","pagesize": "10","contentType": "json","SortType": "1","head": {"appid": "100013776","cid": "09031010311083118856","ctok": "","cver": "1.0","lang": "01","sid": "8888","syscode": "09","auth": "","extension": [{"name": "protocal","value": "https"}]},"ver": "7.10.3.0319180000"}
具体数据就是如下图需爬取网页评论代码里红圈的部分
同样的这个也是
data1 = {"pageid": "290510","viewid": "127481","tagid": "-11","pagenum": str(j + 1),"pagesize": "10","contentType": "json","SortType": "1","head": {"appid": "100013776","cid": "09031010311083118856","ctok": "","cver": "1.0","lang": "01","sid": "8888","syscode": "09","auth": "","extension": [{"name": "protocal","value": "https"}]},"ver": "7.10.3.0319180000"}datas.append(data1)
注意：
"pagenum": str(j + 1),
这一步不可更改
最后
for k in datas[:50]:print('正在抓取第' + k['pagenum'] + "页")time.sleep(3)
这里的爬取的页数50是可以更改的
时间间隔3也是可以更改的
至此可以成功爬取携程上任意一家的评论，yes！！！
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作者：一千口水牛
