一、程序设计目标
1. 能够统计当次游戏的成绩，并对历史最高分进行记录与展示；
2. 创建一张23*23的地图，四周墙体用"□"实现，中间用"■"实现；
3. 在地图中生成一条蛇，蛇由蛇头和蛇身组成，头为"¤"符号，蛇身为"★"符号；
4. 在地图中的随机位置生成一苹果，由"●"符号实现；
5.按W、S、A、D四个键代表上、下、左、右四个方向，以此控制蛇头前进的方向，同时蛇身随蛇头方向移动；
6. 当蛇吃到苹果后（蛇头的坐标与苹果的坐标重合），苹果消失，表示其被蛇吃掉，蛇身长度增加1节，得分增加10分，再在地图中的随机位置生成一个新的苹果；
7. 当蛇头撞墙或咬到蛇身时（蛇头的坐标与围墙或蛇身的坐标重合），游戏终止，提示游戏结束；
二、函数模块讲解（附代码）
1. 头文件
#include <stdio.h>#include <windows.h>#include <time.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <conio.h>
2. 变量初始化
int wall[30][30]; //创建围墙int snake[900][2] = { 0 }; //创建蛇int apple[2] = { 0 }; //创建苹果int poison[2] = { 0 }; //创建毒药int ch = 'a'; //创建初始选择变量int lastch = 'a'; //创建末尾选择变量int L = 3; //初始蛇长度int score = 0; //初始得分int change = 0; //判断蛇头方向是否改变的变量int HighScore; //历史最高得分int flag = 0; //记录吃下苹果数目int apple2[2] = { 0 }; //创建苹果2char name[5] = { 0 }; //历史得分面板人员名字
3. 光标移动函数
void gotoxy(int x, int y){COORD pos;pos.X = 2 * x;pos.Y = y;SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), pos);//获得控制台光标位置}
4. 颜色设置函数
void color(int a){SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), a);}
5. 建立墙体与得分面板
void makewall(){int i, j;for (i = 0; i < 30; i++){for (j = 0; j < 30; j++){wall[i][j] = 1;}}for (i = 0; i < 30; i++){wall[0][i] = 0;wall[29][i] = 0;wall[i][0] = 0;wall[i][29] = 0;}color(11);for (i = 0; i < 30; i++){for (j = 0; j < 30; j++){if (wall[i][j] == 1){gotoxy(i, j);printf("■");}else{gotoxy(i, j);printf("□");}}}File_out();gotoxy(33, 5);color(11);printf("☆最高记录☆：%s %d", name, HighScore);color(14);gotoxy(33, 15);printf("当前得分：0");}
6.初始化蛇、苹果、毒药
void snake_apple_poison(){int i;color(14);snake[0][0] = 14;snake[0][1] = 14;gotoxy(snake[0][0], snake[0][1]);printf("¤");for (i = 1; i < L; i++){snake[i][0] = snake[0][0] + i;snake[i][1] = snake[0][1];gotoxy(snake[i][0], snake[i][1]);printf("★");}color(12);srand((unsigned)time(NULL));apple[0] = (rand() * 2) % 28 + 1;apple[1] = (rand() * 3) % 28 + 1;int j;for (j = 1; j < L; j++){if (apple[0] == snake[j][0] && apple[1] == snake[j][1]){srand((unsigned)time(NULL));apple[0] = (rand() * 2) % 28 + 1;apple[1] = (rand() * 3) % 28 + 1;}}gotoxy(apple[0], apple[1]);printf("●");color(10);srand((unsigned)time(NULL));poison[0] = (rand() * 5) % 28 + 1;poison[1] = (rand() * 7) % 28 + 1;int k;for (k = 1; k < L; k++){if ((poison[0] == snake[k][0] && poison[1] == snake[k][1]) || (poison[0] == apple[0] && poison[1] == apple[1])){srand((unsigned)time(NULL));poison[0] = (rand() * 5) % 28 + 1;poison[1] = (rand() * 7) % 28 + 1;}}gotoxy(poison[0], poison[1]);printf("●");}
7. 蛇移动函数
void movesnake(){if (_kbhit()){ch = _getch();if ((ch != 'w') && (ch != 'a') && (ch != 's') && (ch != 'd'))ch = lastch;}if (!change){gotoxy(snake[L - 1][0], snake[L - 1][1]);color(11);printf("■");}for (int i = L - 1; i > 0; i--){snake[i][0] = snake[i - 1][0];snake[i][1] = snake[i - 1][1];}if (lastch == 'w' && ch == 's')ch = 'w';if (lastch == 's' && ch == 'w')ch == 's';if (lastch == 'a' && ch == 'd')ch = 'a';if (lastch == 'd' && ch == 'a')ch = 'd';switch (ch){case'w':snake[0][1]--;break;case's':snake[0][1]++;break;case'a':snake[0][0]--; break;case'd':snake[0][0]++;break;}gotoxy(snake[0][0], snake[0][1]);color(14);printf("¤");for (int i = 1; i < L - 1; i++){gotoxy(snake[i][0], snake[i][1]);color(14);printf("★");}if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_SPACE)) //按暂停键，执行pause暂停函数{while (1){Sleep(300); //sleep()函数，头文件#include <unistd.h> 令进程暂停，直到达到里面设定的参数的时间if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_SPACE)) //按空格键暂停{break;}}}gotoxy(29, 0);change = 0;Sleep(abs(270-(score/10)));lastch = ch;}
8.打开文件并提取资料
void File_out(){FILE* fp;fp = fopen("save.txt", "a+"); fscanf(fp, "%s %d", &name, &HighScore);fclose(fp);}
9.将资料存入文件
void File_in(){FILE* fp;fp = fopen("save.txt", "w+");fprintf(fp, "%s %d", name, score);fclose(fp); }
10.创建苹果2
void makeapple2(){if (flag == 10){srand((unsigned)time(NULL));apple2[0] = (rand() * 7) % 28 + 1;apple2[1] = (rand() * 5) % 28 + 1;int i, j, k;for (i = 1; i < L; i++){for (j = 1; j <= 11; j++){for (k = 19; k <= 29; k++){if ((apple2[0] == poison[0] && apple2[1] == poison[1]) || (apple2[0] == snake[i][0] && apple2[1] == snake[i][1]) || (apple2[0] == apple[0] && apple2[1] == apple[1]) || (apple2[0] == 15 && (apple2[1] == j || apple2[1] == k)) || ((apple2[0] == j || apple2[0] == k) && apple2[1] == 15)){srand((unsigned)time(NULL));apple2[0] = (rand() * 71) % 28 + 1;apple2[1] = (rand() * 103) % 28 + 1;}}}}gotoxy(apple2[0], apple2[1]);color(12);printf("●");}}
11.创建附加墙体
void longwall(){int i, j;if (flag == 2){i = 15;for (j = 1; j <= 11; j++){color(11);gotoxy(i, j);printf("□");}}if (flag == 4){i = 15;for (j = 19; j <= 29; j++){color(11);gotoxy(i, j);printf("□");}}if (flag == 6){i = 15;for (j = 1; j <= 11; j++){color(11);gotoxy(j, i);printf("□");}}if (flag == 8){i = 15;for (j = 19; j <= 29; j++){color(11);gotoxy(j, i);printf("□");}}}
12.吃下苹果
void eat_apple(){if (snake[0][0] == apple[0] && snake[0][1] == apple[1]){flag++;makeapple2();longwall();score += 10;L++;color(12);srand((unsigned)time(NULL));apple[0] = (rand() * 2) % 28 + 1;apple[1] = (rand() * 3) % 28 + 1;int i, j, k;for (i = 1; i < L; i++){for (j = 1; j <= 11; j++){for (k = 19; k <= 29; k++){if ((apple[0] == poison[0] && apple[1] == poison[1]) || (apple[0] == snake[i][0] && apple[1] == snake[i][1]) || (apple[0] == apple2[0] && apple[1] == apple2[1]) || (apple[0] == 15 && (apple[1] == j || apple[1] == k)) || ((apple[0] == j || apple[0] == k) && apple[1] == 15)){srand((unsigned)time(NULL));apple[0] = (rand() * 39) % 28 + 1;apple[1] = (rand() * 47) % 28 + 1;}}}}gotoxy(apple[0], apple[1]);printf("●");change = 1;gotoxy(38, 15);color(14); printf("%d", score);}}
13.吃下苹果2
void eat_apple2(){if (snake[0][0] == apple2[0] && snake[0][1] == apple2[1]){score += 10;flag++;L++;color(12);srand((unsigned)time(NULL));apple2[0] = (rand() * 7) % 28 + 1;apple2[1] = (rand() * 5) % 28 + 1;int i, j, k;for (i = 1; i < L; i++){for (j = 1; j <= 11; j++){for (k = 19; k <= 29; k++){if ((apple2[0] == poison[0] && apple2[1] == poison[1]) || (apple2[0] == snake[i][0] && apple2[1] == snake[i][1]) || (apple2[0] == apple[0] && apple2[1] == apple[1]) || (apple2[0] == 15 && (apple2[1] == j || apple2[1] == k)) || ((apple2[0] == j || apple2[0] == k) && apple2[1] == 15)){srand((unsigned)time(NULL));apple2[0] = (rand() * 3) % 28 + 1;apple2[1] = (rand() * 4) % 28 + 1;}}}}gotoxy(apple2[0], apple2[1]);printf("●");change = 1;gotoxy(38, 15);color(14);printf("%d", score);}}
14.游戏结束后的选择
void choose(){score = 0;L = 3;int n = 0;gotoxy(23, 23);color(12);printf("重玩一局 [1]");gotoxy(23, 26);printf("下次再来 [2]");gotoxy(23, 29);color(11);printf("选择：");scanf("%d", &n);switch (n){case 1:system("cls");makewall();snake_apple_poison();while (1){movesnake();gotoxy(0, 0);color(11);printf("□");eat_apple();eat_poison();if_wall();if_biteself();}break;case 2:exit(0);break;default:gotoxy(23, 30);color(12);printf("※※您的输入有误，请重新输入※※");choose();break;}}
15.吃下毒药
void eat_poison(){if (snake[0][0] == poison[0] && snake[0][1] == poison[1]){gotoxy(10, 14);color(10);printf("对不起，您吃掉毒药了。游戏结束！");gotoxy(10, 16);color(14);printf("您的得分是 %d", score);if (score >= HighScore){color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("创纪录啦！最高分被你刷新啦，真棒！！！请留下您的大名！");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);while(name[0] == 0 || name[1] == 0 || name[2] == 0 || name[3] == 0){gotoxy(23, 30);color(12);printf("※※您的输入有误，请重新输入※※");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);}File_in(); }else{color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("继续努力吧~ 你离最高分还差：%d", HighScore - score);}choose();}return 0;}
16.撞墙
void if_wall(){if (flag < 2){if (snake[0][1] == 0 || snake[0][1] == 29 || snake[0][0] == 0 || snake[0][0] == 29){gotoxy(10, 14);color(10);printf("对不起，您撞到墙了。游戏结束！");gotoxy(10, 16);color(14);printf("您的得分是 %d", score);if (score >= HighScore){color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("创纪录啦！最高分被你刷新啦，真棒！！！请留下您的大名！");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);while (name[0] == 0 || name[1] == 0 || name[2] == 0 || name[3] == 0){gotoxy(23, 30);color(12);printf("※※您的输入有误，请重新输入※※");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);}File_in();}else{color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("继续努力吧~ 你离最高分还差：%d", HighScore - score);}choose();}}if (flag >= 2 && flag < 4){int i;for (i = 1; i <= 11; i++){if (snake[0][1] == 0 || snake[0][1] == 29 || snake[0][0] == 0 || snake[0][0] == 29 || (snake[0][0] == 15 && snake[0][1] == i)){gotoxy(10, 14);color(10);printf("对不起，您撞到墙了。游戏结束！");gotoxy(10, 16);color(14);printf("您的得分是 %d", score);if (score >= HighScore){color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("创纪录啦！最高分被你刷新啦，真棒！！！请留下您的大名！");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);while (name[0] == 0 || name[1] == 0 || name[2] == 0 || name[3] == 0){gotoxy(23, 30);color(12);printf("※※您的输入有误，请重新输入※※");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);}File_in();}else{color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("继续努力吧~ 你离最高分还差：%d", HighScore - score);}choose();}}}if (flag >= 4 && flag < 6){int i, j;for (i = 1; i <= 11; i++){for (j = 19; j <= 29; j++){if (snake[0][1] == 0 || snake[0][1] == 29 || snake[0][0] == 0 || snake[0][0] == 29 || (snake[0][0] == 15 && (snake[0][1] == i || snake[0][1] == j))){gotoxy(10, 14);color(10);printf("对不起，您撞到墙了。游戏结束！");gotoxy(10, 16);color(14);printf("您的得分是 %d", score);if (score >= HighScore){color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("创纪录啦！最高分被你刷新啦，真棒！！！请留下您的大名！");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);while (name[0] == 0 || name[1] == 0 || name[2] == 0 || name[3] == 0){gotoxy(23, 30);color(12);printf("※※您的输入有误，请重新输入※※");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);}File_in();}else{color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("继续努力吧~ 你离最高分还差：%d", HighScore - score);}choose();}}}}if (flag >= 6 && flag <8){int j, k;for (j = 1; j <= 11; j++){for (k = 19; k <= 29; k++){if (snake[0][1] == 0 || snake[0][1] == 29 || snake[0][0] == 0 || snake[0][0] == 29 || (snake[0][0] == 15 && (snake[0][1] == j || snake[0][1] == k)) || (snake[0][0] == j && snake[0][1] == 15)){gotoxy(10, 14);color(10);printf("对不起，您撞到墙了。游戏结束！");gotoxy(10, 16);color(14);printf("您的得分是 %d", score);if (score >= HighScore){color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("创纪录啦！最高分被你刷新啦，真棒！！！请留下您的大名！");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);while (name[0] == 0 || name[1] == 0 || name[2] == 0 || name[3] == 0){gotoxy(23, 30);color(12);printf("※※您的输入有误，请重新输入※※");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);}File_in();}else{color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("继续努力吧~ 你离最高分还差：%d", HighScore - score);}choose();}}}}else if (flag >=8){int j, k;for (j = 1; j <= 11; j++){for (k = 19; k <= 29; k++){if (snake[0][1] == 0 || snake[0][1] == 29 || snake[0][0] == 0 || snake[0][0] == 29 || (snake[0][0] == 15 && (snake[0][1] == j || snake[0][1] == k)) || ((snake[0][0] == j || snake[0][0] == k) && snake[0][1] == 15)){gotoxy(10, 14);color(10);printf("对不起，您撞到墙了。游戏结束！");gotoxy(10, 16);color(14);printf("您的得分是 %d", score);if (score >= HighScore){color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("创纪录啦！最高分被你刷新啦，真棒！！！请留下您的大名！");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);while (name[0] == 0 || name[1] == 0 || name[2] == 0 || name[3] == 0){gotoxy(23, 30);color(12);printf("※※您的输入有误，请重新输入※※");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);}File_in();}else{color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("继续努力吧~ 你离最高分还差：%d", HighScore - score);}choose();}}}}return 0;}
17.咬到自己
void if_biteself(){int i = 1;while (i <= L){if (snake[0][0] == snake[i][0] && snake[0][1] == snake[i][1]){gotoxy(snake[0][0], snake[0][1]);color(14);printf("¤");gotoxy(10, 14);color(10);printf("对不起，您咬到自己了。游戏结束！");gotoxy(10, 16);color(14);printf("您的得分是 %d", score);if (score >= HighScore){color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("创纪录啦！最高分被你刷新啦，真棒！！！请留下您的大名！");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);while (name[0] == 0 || name[1] == 0 || name[2] == 0 || name[3] == 0){gotoxy(23, 30);color(12);printf("※※您的输入有误，请重新输入※※");gotoxy(10, 18);printf("请为自己取一个两字绰号：[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");color(14);scanf("%s", &name);}File_in(); }else{color(10);gotoxy(10, 17);printf("继续努力吧~ 你离最高分还差：%d", HighScore - score);}choose();}i++;}return 0;}
18.游戏说明
void explation(){int i, j = 1;system("cls");color(15);gotoxy(26, 3);printf("游戏说明");color(2);for (i = 8; i <= 48; i++) {for (j = 6; j <= 22; j++) {gotoxy(i, j);if (i == 8 || i == 48) printf("||");else if (j == 6 || j == 22) printf("=");}}color(3);gotoxy(12, 8);printf("tip1: 不能撞墙，不能咬到自己");color(10);gotoxy(12, 11);printf("tip2: 用 W A S D 分别控制蛇的移动");color(14);gotoxy(12, 14);printf("tip3: 红色●为苹果，吃掉可以得分；绿色●为毒药，吃掉则gameover ");color(11);gotoxy(12, 17);printf("tip4: 按空格键暂停游戏，再按空格键继续");color(4);gotoxy(40, 20);printf("按任意键返回");_getch();system("cls");initializing();}
19. 菜单函数
void initializing(){color(2);printf(" \n");printf(" __________ ___\n");printf(" /\\/ \\ \\ |______\\__ \n");printf(" / ________ \\ / ___ \\ _/ __| | / \n");printf(" | ||__|_/_ |_| / [|] |/ \n");printf(" | | | | |/_|_ \\__/ \n");printf(" \\ \\_______ / \\|___/ ____\n");printf(" \\ \\ ____ ________ __ | | ___ ______ \n");printf(" \\_______ \\ | |/ \\ / \\_/ / | | / / /\\ \n");printf(" \\ \\ | ___ \\ / ____ / | |/ / / ____ \\ \n");printf(" __ | | | / \\ \\ | | | / |/ | /____\\ | \n");printf("\\ \\_______| | | | | | | |__| | |\\ | ________/ \n");printf(" \\ / | | | | \\ \\ | |\\ \\ \\ \\____ \n");printf(" \\__________/ |__| |__| \\___/\\__\\ |__| \\__\\ \\______/ \n");int n;int i, j = 1;gotoxy(23, 18);color(11);printf("贪 吃 蛇 游 戏");color(14);for (i = 10; i <= 42; i++) {for (j = 19; j <= 26; j++) {gotoxy(i, j);if (i == 10 || i == 42){printf("|");}else if (j == 19 || j == 26){printf("_");}}}color(10);gotoxy(15, 21);printf("1.开始游戏");gotoxy(15, 23);printf("2.游戏说明");gotoxy(15, 25);printf("3.退出游戏");gotoxy(25, 25);color(3);printf("请选择[1 2 3]:[ ](按回车键确认）\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b"); color(14);scanf("%d", &n); switch (n){case 1:system("cls");makewall();snake_apple_poison();while (1){movesnake();gotoxy(0, 0);color(11);printf("□");eat_apple();eat_apple2();eat_poison();if_wall();if_biteself();}break;case 2:explation();break;case 3:exit(0);break;default:color(12);gotoxy(40, 28);printf("请输入1~3之间的数!");_getch();system("cls");initializing();}}
20. 主函数
int main(){initializing(); //初始化系统return 0;}
三、程序运行展示
