1.原文
2. 参考译文
3. New words and expressions
★send v. 寄, 送
send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth. 给某人送(寄)东西send/take children to school：take强调某人亲自送；send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车take flowers to his wife 自己送
send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送
★postcard n. 明信片
两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音name card /visiting card 名片
Here is my name card. (口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作) ID card 身份证 (ID 身份)
credit card 信用卡
cash card 现金卡储蓄卡工资卡(不能透支)
★spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏
① vt. 弄坏，损坏，糟蹋The rain spoiled the school sports.② vt. 宠坏，惯坏，溺爱
Don’t spoil your children. 不能太惯孩子。spoil: 把东西质量变差; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱；
break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃
damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重
destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁
以上三个指物理上的破坏;spoil主要指精神上的
★museum n. 博物馆Palace Museum 故宫
★public adj. 公共的
① adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的There is a public library in this town.
I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.② adj. 公开的，众人皆知的
Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later.
public house(酒吧简称pub public place 公共场所
in public 公开的；in private 私下里的
Let’s have a conversation in private.让我们私下谈谈?–Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)③ n. 公众，群众，大众
The public is/are pleased with his explanation. 公The museum is open to the public on Sunday.
★friendly adj. 友好的
friendly是形容词，单独使用时一般做定语；作状语表人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly wayHe always greets me in a friendly way.以-ly结尾的形容词还有lovely，brotherly，fatherly，manly，motherly
★waiter n. 服务员, 招待员
waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里chief waiter 领班shop assistant 商店里的店员attendant n. (其他公共场所的)服务员★lend v. 借给
lend to(借出)：lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth.borrow from(借进)：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth. (borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.)He borrowed my pen yesterday.
★decision n. 决定
make /take a decision作出决定It was not easy for me to make/take this decision.make a big/great decision (big：重大；great：伟大, 更重大) decide v. 决定
★whole adj. 整个的
a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶the whole…，the whole day 整天 ，two whole weeks 整整两星期all the…，all the day (the可省略) 整天all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加theall of us；all of the students
★single adj. 唯一的, 单一的反义词double 双倍的
4. 课文讲解
1、Last summer, I went to Italy.last：① adj. 上一个last summer
② adj. 最后一个，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词the
the last day 最后一天 (具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on)2、A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.
Italian于Italy 注意重读音的位置不同
teach sb. sth. 教某人做某事
He teaches our English.(错)He teaches us English.(对)
语言不可数, 所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian
I can speak a little English/a few words of English.
a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some，a small number of(一些，少数几个)的意思。
The police would like to ask him a few questions. 警察要问他一些问题。3、Every day I thought about postcards.
think about/of 考虑, 思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事, think of还可指想到
What do you think of TV program last night?
think over 仔细考虑，反复思考
What’s the weather like today?
cold, chilly(非常非常冷), freeze
I’ll freeze.我要冻僵了4、I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!
spend与表示时间的词或短语连和时，意思为“花(时间)”、“度过”. spend+时间+地点 : 在什么地点我花费/度过了多少时间
I spend three hours in the sea.
I spend my weekend at my mother’s.
I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)
spend还可以表示“花钱”
I can’t spend any more on this car.
5. Key structures
一般过去时
一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久。
Do you ever catch a cold in the winter?
Yes, I caught a cold last winter.
6. Special Difficulties
直接宾语与间接宾语
双宾语：直接宾语(表示动作结果，动作所涉及的事物)和间接宾语(动作目标，动作是谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人)。间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语在后，间接宾主前必须加“to”(表示动作对什么人做)或“for”(表示动作为什么人而做)。give sb. sth./give sth to sb间接宾语在后面时, 其前必须加to(对……而言)或for(为……而做)。可以翻译为“给”、“替”、“为”的，就用for；如果只能翻译为“给”的, 就用to
与to相连的give, take, pass, read, sell, buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise，offer，owe
take flowers to my wife.
与for相连的 buy, order, make, find
I buy a book for you ./make a cake for you
find sth. for sb./do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙
Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me? 帮我个忙
Can I order something for you?
Can I buy you a bottle of beer ?我请你喝杯酒的意思
