记录一下微信公众号开发的时候的一些过程。。。
首先注册一个微信公众测试账号，虽然个人注册的订阅号也有此功能，但是却没有用户管理功能，所以这里就先拿测试账号开发微信公众号。。。
申请微信测试号在这里http://mp./debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login
成功申请之后会有自己的APPID和appsecret。。。
微信开发者文档在这里 。。。 http://mp./wiki/home/index.html
开发人员可以根据该文档对微信公众号进行接口的开发。。。
简单的申请完之后。。。尝试配置接口配置信息需要填写公网可以访问的链接地址以及TOKEN，以确定微信可以访问你的程序。。。
公网能访问的链接地址不一定是特意去申请的域名或者买服务器，可以用国内已有的一些网络映射工具，这里我用的是Sunny-Ngrok启动工具，也可以用花生壳。。。
根据这些映射工具，可以在公网上访问该网址。。。这样微信也可以访问我的程序来调用相应的服务。。。
package org.ssm.maven.test1.controller;import java.security.MessageDigest;import java.util.Arrays;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;@Controller@RequestMapping("/wechat")public class WechatValidToken {public static final String TOKEN = "ivy";private static char[] hexDigits = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e','f' };@RequestMapping(value="/valid", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBodypublic String validToken( HttpServletRequest request) {String signature = request.getParameter("signature");String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");String[] paramStr = new String[] { TOKEN, timestamp, nonce };Arrays.sort(paramStr);String str="";for(String s : paramStr){str += s;}String afterSha1 = sha1(str);if (afterSha1.equals(signature))return echostr;elsereturn "null";}private static String sha1(String source) {if ((source == null) || source.isEmpty()) {return source;}try {MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");byte[] sha1Bytes = sha1.digest(source.getBytes());return toHexArray(sha1Bytes);} catch (Exception e) {// do nothing}return source;}private static String toHexArray(byte[] array) {char[] resultCharArray = new char[array.length * 2];int index = 0;for (byte b : array) {resultCharArray[index++] = hexDigits[b >>> 4 & 0xf];resultCharArray[index++] = hexDigits[b & 0xf];}return new String(resultCharArray);}}
该代码用于微信校验是否接收到信息的功能。。。
我的微信公众号的后台是基于ssm的java企业级的程序，关于ssm的配置文件在网上随便百度都可以找得到。。。
对于订阅号的消息管理，微信公众平台提供了简单的对于消息管理的功能。。。对于不是开发人员来说该功能已经能满足普通微信公众号的需求。。。
但是对于需求不仅满足于普通的信息管理的系统而言，这只是冰山一角。。。
对于消息信息管理分为以下几类：
1 文本消息2 图片消息3 语音消息4 视频消息5 小视频消息6 地理位置消息7 链接消息
当普通微信用户向公众账号发消息时，微信服务器将POST消息的XML数据包到开发者填写的URL上。。。
文本消息
package org.ssm.maven.test1.controller;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import org.ssm.maven.test1.model.TextMessage;import org.ssm.maven.test1.util.MessageType;import org.ssm.maven.test1.util.MessageUtil;@Controller@RequestMapping("/wechat")public class WechatController {@RequestMapping(value = "/valid", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBodypublic String accpetMessage(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");Map<String, String> param = MessageUtil.xmlToMap(request);String fromUserName = param.get("FromUserName");String toUserName = param.get("ToUserName");String msgType = param.get("MsgType");String content = param.get("Content");Long createTime = Long.valueOf(param.get("CreateTime"));Long msgId = Long.valueOf(param.get("MsgId") );System.out.println("--------->" + param);String message = null;if (MessageType.TEXT.equals(msgType)) {if ("1".equals(content)) {message = MessageUtil.initText(MessageUtil.firstMenu(), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId);} else if ("2".equals(content)) {message = MessageUtil.initNewsMessage(toUserName, fromUserName);} else if ("?".equals(content)) {message = MessageUtil.initText(MessageUtil.menuText(), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId);} else {TextMessage text = new TextMessage();text.setContent("the message is:" + content);text.setCreateTime(createTime);text.setToUserName(fromUserName);text.setFromUserName(toUserName);text.setMsgType("text");message = MessageUtil.textMessageToXml(text);System.out.println("message--------->" + message);}// StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();// sb.append("<xml>");// sb.append("<ToUserName><![CDATA[" + fromUserName +// "]]></ToUserName>");// sb.append("<FromUserName><![CDATA[" + toUserName +// "]]></FromUserName>");// sb.append("<CreateTime>" + new Date().getTime() +// "</CreateTime>");// sb.append("<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>");// sb.append("<Content><![CDATA[this is a test]]></Content>");// sb.append("<MsgId>1234567890123456</MsgId>");// sb.append("</xml>");// response.getWriter().write(message);} else if (MessageType.EVENT.equals(msgType)) {String event = param.get("Event");if (MessageType.SUBSCRIBE.equals(event)) {message = MessageUtil.initText(MessageUtil.menuText(), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId);} else if (MessageType.CLICK.equals(event)) {message = MessageUtil.initText(MessageUtil.menuText(), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId);} else if (MessageType.VIEW.equals(event)) {message = MessageUtil.initText(param.get("EventKey"), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId);} else if (MessageType.SCANCODE.equals(event)) {message = MessageUtil.initText(param.get("EventKey"), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId);}} else if (MessageType.LOCATION.equals(msgType)) {message = MessageUtil.initText(param.get("Label"), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId);}return message;}}
消息类型主要分为
package org.ssm.maven.test1.util;public class MessageType {public static final String TEXT = "text";public static final String NEWS = "news";public static final String IMAGE = "image";public static final String VOICE = "voice";public static final String VIDEO = "video";public static final String SHORTVIDEO = "shortvideo";public static final String LINK = "link";public static final String LOCATION = "location";public static final String EVENT = "event";public static final String SUBSCRIBE = "subscribe";//eventpublic static final String UNSUBSCRIBE = "unsubscribe";//eventpublic static final String CLICK = "CLICK";//eventpublic static final String VIEW = "VIEW";//eventpublic static final String SCANCODE = "scancode_push";//event}
大致用到的分为这几类，subscribe，unsubscribe，CLICK，VIEW，scancode_push为event下
程序入口沿用了之间接收消息接口的名称。。。
这里附上转化成xml的代码以及初始化消息返回的代码。。。
package org.ssm.maven.test1.util;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.Writer;import java.nio.charset.Charset;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import org.dom4j.Document;import org.dom4j.DocumentException;import org.dom4j.Element;import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;import org.ssm.maven.test1.controller.WechatController;import org.ssm.maven.test1.model.TextMessage;import org.ssm.maven.test1.model.WechatNews;import org.ssm.maven.test1.model.WechatNewsMessage;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.QuickWriter;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamWriter;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.DomDriver;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.PrettyPrintWriter;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.XmlFriendlyNameCoder;public class MessageUtil {protected static String PREFIX_CDATA = "<![CDATA[";protected static String SUFFIX_CDATA = "]]>";/*** xml to map����* @param request* @return*/public static Map<String, String> xmlToMap(HttpServletRequest request){Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();try {InputStream ins = request.getInputStream();Document doc = reader.read(ins);Element root = doc.getRootElement();List<Element> list = root.elements();for (Element element : list) {map.put(element.getName(), element.getText());}ins.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (DocumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return map;}public static String textMessageToXml(TextMessage textMessage){XStream xstream = new XStream();xstream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());return xstream.toXML(textMessage);}public static String newsMessageToXml(WechatNewsMessage wechatNewsMessage){XStream xstream = new XStream();xstream.alias("xml", wechatNewsMessage.getClass());xstream.alias("item", new WechatNews().getClass());return xstream.toXML(wechatNewsMessage);}/*初始化文本消息*/public static String initText(String content, Long createTime, String fromUserName, String toUserName, Long msgId){String message = "";TextMessage text = new TextMessage();text.setContent("the message is:"+content);text.setCreateTime(createTime);text.setToUserName(fromUserName);text.setFromUserName(toUserName);text.setMsgType(MessageType.TEXT);text.setMsgId(msgId);message = MessageUtil.textMessageToXml(text);System.out.println("message--------->" + message);return message;}/*初始化图文消息*/public static String initNewsMessage(String toUserName, String fromUserName){String message = "";WechatNewsMessage wechatNewsMessage = new WechatNewsMessage();WechatNews wechatNews = new WechatNews();WechatNews wechatNews1 = new WechatNews();List<WechatNews> wechatNewss = new ArrayList<WechatNews>();wechatNews.setTitle("ivy's description");wechatNews.setPicUrl("/org.ssm.maven.test1/images/IMG_0151.JPG");wechatNews.setUrl("/org.ssm.maven.test1/images/IMG_0151.JPG");wechatNews.setDescription("i am ivy");wechatNews1.setTitle("haha's description");wechatNews1.setPicUrl("/org.ssm.maven.test1/images/IMG_0152.JPG");wechatNews1.setUrl("/org.ssm.maven.test1/images/IMG_0152.JPG");wechatNews1.setDescription("i am gaga");wechatNewss.add(wechatNews);wechatNewss.add(wechatNews1);wechatNewsMessage.setArticleCount(wechatNewss.size());wechatNewsMessage.setArticles(wechatNewss);wechatNewsMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);wechatNewsMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);wechatNewsMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());wechatNewsMessage.setMsgType(MessageType.NEWS);message = newsMessageToXml(wechatNewsMessage);return message;}public static String menuText(){StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();sb.append("Welcome here\n");sb.append("1.text field\n");sb.append("2.news field\n");sb.append("enter ? for help\n");return sb.toString();}public static String firstMenu(){return "Hi,i am ivy";}public static String secondMenu(){return "Bye,i am ivy";}}
