微信获取accessToken及自定义公众号菜单
1 微信获取accessToken
1.1 accessToken介绍及接口文档
access_token是公众号的全局唯一接口调用凭据，公众号调用各接口时都需使用access_token。开发者需要进行妥善保存。access_token的存储至少要保留512个字符空间。access_token的有效期目前为2个小时，需定时刷新，重复获取将导致上次获取的access_token失效。
详细介绍：https://developers./doc/offiaccount/Basic_Information/Get_access_token.html
1.2 获取accessToken
①创建AccessToken类
@Data@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublic class AccessToken {private String access_token;//过期时间【此处的过期时间我求的是时间戳为多少的时候过期，而不是一个时间段】private long expires_time;public AccessToken(String access_token, Integer expires_in){this.access_token = access_token;expires_time = System.currentTimeMillis() + expires_in * 1000;}public boolean isExpire(){return System.currentTimeMillis() > expires_time;}}
②创建配置类，读取application.properties的appId与secret
@Configuration@Data@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublic class WxConfig {@Value("${wx.appId}")public String appId;@Value("${wx.secret}")public String secret;}
我们测试账号的appID与secret在:
https://mp./debug/cgi-bin/sandboxinfo?action=showinfo&t=sandbox/index
测试账号申请参考：/md/?articleId=127282111
③获取accessToken
报文发送，我采用okHttp
<!--报文发送--><dependency><groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId><artifactId>okhttp</artifactId><version>3.8.0</version></dependency>
service：
@Servicepublic class WxService {//注入appId与secret@Autowiredprivate WxConfig wxConfig;//请求微信地址【get方式】private String url = "https://api./cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";/*** 获取accessToken** @return*/public AccessToken getAccessToken() {String APPID = wxConfig.getAppId();String SECRET = wxConfig.getSecret();//拼接url【传入appId和secret】url = url.replace("APPID", APPID).replace("APPSECRET", SECRET);OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();//构建请求Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();Call call = client.newCall(request);Response response = null;try {//获取响应体response = call.execute();//{"access_token":"ACCESS_TOKEN","expires_in":7200} 返回体类型if (response != null) {ResponseBody body = response.body();String bodyStr = body.string();JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(bodyStr);//获取过期时间String access_token = (String) jsonObject.get("access_token");Integer expires_in = (Integer) jsonObject.get("expires_in");AccessToken accessToken = new AccessToken(access_token, expires_in);return accessToken;}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}}
2 自定义公众号菜单
官方文档：
https://developers./doc/offiaccount/Custom_Menus/Creating_Custom-Defined_Menu.html
请求示例：
{"button":[{"type":"click","name":"今日歌曲","key":"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC"},{"name":"菜单","sub_button":[{"type":"view","name":"搜索","url":"/"},{"type":"miniprogram","name":"wxa","url":"http://mp.","appid":"wx286b93c14bbf93aa","pagepath":"pages/lunar/index"},{"type":"click","name":"赞一下我们","key":"V1001_GOOD"}]}]}
①导入依赖
<!--报文发送--><dependency><groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId><artifactId>okhttp</artifactId><version>3.8.0</version></dependency><!--处理json数据--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.83</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.24</version></dependency>
②基础类创建【准备拼接返回json】
AbstractButton :
@Data@NoArgsConstructorpublic abstract class AbstractButton {private String name;public AbstractButton(String name){this.name = name;}}
BaseButton :
@Datapublic class BaseButton {@JSONField(name = "button")private List<AbstractButton> buttonList = new ArrayList<>();}
ClickButton :
@Data@NoArgsConstructorpublic class ClickButton extends AbstractButton{private String type = "click";private String key;public ClickButton(String name){super(name);}}
SubButton :
@Data@NoArgsConstructorpublic class SubButton extends AbstractButton{@JSONField(name = "sub_button")private List<AbstractButton> buttonList = new ArrayList<>();public SubButton(String name){super(name);}}
ViewButton :
@Data@NoArgsConstructorpublic class ViewButton extends AbstractButton{private String type = "view";private String url;public ViewButton(String name){super(name);}}
其他按钮参考该模式实现
③service实现
@Servicepublic class WxService {//自定义菜单【post方式】private String url_post = " https://api./cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";public static final MediaType TYPE_JSON = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");/*** 测试自定义菜单*/public String testButtonBySelf(){//创建菜单对象BaseButton baseButton = new BaseButton();//第一部分一级菜单：创建clickButtonClickButton clickButton = new ClickButton("点击有惊喜");clickButton.setKey("click1001");//第二部分一级菜单：创建子菜单SubButton subButton = new SubButton("菜单");//创建子菜单中的viewButtonViewButton subViewButton = new ViewButton("百度一下");subViewButton.setUrl("/");ClickButton subClickButton = new ClickButton("子菜单下的点击");subClickButton.setKey("subButtonClick1002");//将子菜单中的button添加到子菜单中List<AbstractButton> subButtonList = subButton.getButtonList();subButtonList.add(subViewButton);subButtonList.add(subClickButton);//第三部分一级菜单：创建viewButtonViewButton viewButton = new ViewButton("网易新闻");viewButton.setUrl("/");//拼接buttonList<AbstractButton> baseButtonList = baseButton.getButtonList();baseButtonList.add(clickButton);baseButtonList.add(subButton);baseButtonList.add(viewButton);String jsonStr = JSONObject.toJSONString(baseButton);//发送POST请求OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();//请求体RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(TYPE_JSON, jsonStr);System.out.println("jsonStr========>" + jsonStr);//添加accessTokenAccessToken accessToken = getAccessToken();String access_token = accessToken.getAccess_token();url_post = url_post.replaceAll("ACCESS_TOKEN", access_token);Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url_post).post(body).build();try {String responseStr = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute().body().string();System.out.println(responseStr);return responseStr;} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return "";}}
④controller调用
@RestControllerpublic class WxController {@Autowiredprivate WxService wxService;@GetMapping("/testButton")public String testButton(){String s = wxService.testButtonBySelf();return s;}}
⑤测试
控制台打印：
jsonStr========>{"button":[{"key":"click1001","name":"点击有惊喜","type":"click"},{"name":"菜单","sub_button":[{"name":"百度一下","type":"view","url":"/"},{"key":"subButtonClick1002","name":"子菜单下的点击","type":"click"}]},{"name":"网易新闻","type":"view","url":"/"}]}{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}
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