Android--简单开发和使用ContentProvider数据共享

今天学习的时候学到了ContentProvider数据共享这个东东，所以自己写了个小例子:

我们要开发ContentProvider的话，需要创建一个类去继承ContentProvider,里面会让你重写四个方法，这四个方法就是数据共享用到的方法

包括SQLite的插入、查询、删除。。

所以，如何共享我们的数据，就看你如何重写这几个方法。

下面是操作步骤，我是用Android studio写的

1、先看工程结构

2、我们建立一个继承ContentProvider的类，创建步骤（右键→new→othet→Provider）

3、ContentProvider共享的数据是SQLite里面的数据，为了方便我把创建SQLite的数据库和创建表的操作也写在了ContentProvider的onCreate()方法里面了

代码

package provider;import android.content.ContentProvider;import android.content.ContentUris;import android.content.ContentValues;import android.content.UriMatcher;import android.database.Cursor;import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;import .Uri;import toolclass.MySQLiteOpenHelper;public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {private static final String AUTHORITY = "com.example.fanlei.mycontentprovider";//地址private static final String DB_FILE = "friends.db";//数据库名称private static final String DB_TABLE = "friends"; //表名private static final int URI_ROOT= -1;private static final int DB_TABLE_FRIENDS = 1;public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/" + DB_TABLE);//Uri所对应的资源private static final UriMatcher uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(URI_ROOT);//检查传过来的Uristatic {uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,DB_TABLE,DB_TABLE_FRIENDS);}private MySQLiteOpenHelper helper;private SQLiteDatabase db;public MyContentProvider() {}@Overridepublic int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {// Implement this to handle requests to delete one or more rows.throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");}@Overridepublic String getType(Uri uri) {// TODO: Implement this to handle requests for the MIME type of the data// at the given URI.throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");}@Overridepublic Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {//检查传过来的Uri是否是正确的，若不正确，则抛出异常if (uriMatcher.match(uri) != DB_TABLE_FRIENDS){throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI:" + uri);}Long rawId = db.insert(DB_TABLE,null,values);Uri returnUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(CONTENT_URI,rawId);getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(returnUri,null);return returnUri;}@Overridepublic boolean onCreate() {helper = new MySQLiteOpenHelper(getContext(),DB_FILE,null,1);db= helper.getWritableDatabase();String sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + DB_TABLE +"(" +"_id primary key," +"name text," +"sexId text," +"address text);";db.execSQL(sql);return true;}@Overridepublic Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {//检查传过来的Uri是否是正确的，若不正确，则抛出异常if (uriMatcher.match(uri) != DB_TABLE_FRIENDS){throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI:" + uri);}Cursor cursor = db.query(true,DB_TABLE,projection,selection,selectionArgs,null,null,sortOrder,null);cursor.setNotificationUri(getContext().getContentResolver(),uri);return cursor;}@Overridepublic int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,String[] selectionArgs) {// TODO: Implement this to handle requests to update one or more rows.throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");}}

其实，ContentProvider里面重写的方法也是封装了SQLiteDataBase的方法的操作，只不过他需要一个具体的Uri去指向我们具体的资源。

ContentProvider开发完成后，我在主函数里面调用了我们写的这个ContentProvider里面的方法，布局什么的都很简单。

我只是插入了数据，查询数据

下面是主函数:

package com.example.fanlei.mycontentproviderdemo;import android.annotation.TargetApi;import android.content.ContentResolver;import android.content.ContentValues;import android.database.Cursor;import .Uri;import android.os.Build;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.EditText;import android.widget.Toast;import provider.MyContentProvider;public class MainActivity2 extends ActionBarActivity {private ContentResolver contentResolver;private Uri uri;private EditText et_1,et_2,et_3;private Button btn_1,btn_2;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main_activity2);contentResolver = getContentResolver();uri = MyContentProvider.CONTENT_URI;et_1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_1);et_2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_2);et_3 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_3);btn_1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_1);btn_2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_2);//加入btn_1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();//键值 就是 列名cv.put("name",et_1.getText().toString());cv.put("sexId",et_2.getText().toString());cv.put("address",et_3.getText().toString());contentResolver.insert(uri,cv);Toast.makeText(MainActivity2.this,"加入成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}});//查询btn_2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri,null,"name like ?",new String[]{"%23%"},null,null);while (cursor.moveToNext()){String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));String sexId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("sexId"));String address = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("address"));Log.d("asdasd",name+"^^"+sexId+"^^"+address);}}});}}

====================================以上是简单的开发=======================================

下面是使用我们上面的工程创建的ContentProvider

先看工程结构：

我这里建立了一个工具类去存放上一个工程Uri。

布局什么的都很简单，就一个TextView和Button，就不放了。

下面是主函数的代码

package com.example.fanlei.textmycontentproviderdemo;import android.content.ContentResolver;import android.database.ContentObserver;import android.database.Cursor;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;import provider.PeopleInfoProvider;public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {private TextView tv_show;private Button button;private ContentResolver contentResolver;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);contentResolver = getContentResolver();tv_show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_show);button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(PeopleInfoProvider.CONTENT_URI,null,null,null,null);StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();while (cursor.moveToNext()){String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));String sexId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("sexId"));String address = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("address"));sb.append(name).append(sexId).append(address);}tv_show.setText(sb.toString());}});contentResolver.registerContentObserver(PeopleInfoProvider.CONTENT_URI,true,new MyObserver(new Handler()));}private class MyObserver extends ContentObserver{/*** Creates a content observer.* @param handler The handler to run {@link #onChange} on, or null if none.*/public MyObserver(Handler handler) {super(handler);}@Overridepublic void onChange(boolean selfChange) {super.onChange(selfChange);Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(PeopleInfoProvider.CONTENT_URI,null,null,null,null);StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();while (cursor.moveToNext()){String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));String sexId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("sexId"));String address = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("address"));sb.append(name).append(sexId).append(address);Log.d("-----update----",sb.toString());}tv_show.setText(sb.toString());}}}

对了，这里我写了一个内部类去继承了ContentObserver这个类，它的作用就是当共享的数据发生改变时，就会触发这个方法。