Android实现Service获取当前位置(GPS+基站)办法

Java|java教程

Android Service 位置 GPS

Java-java教程

本文实例讲述了Android实现Service获取当前位置(GPS+基站)的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下：

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需求详情：

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1)、Service中每隔1秒执行一次定位操作(GPS+基站)

2)、定位的结果实时显示在界面上(要求得到经度、纬度)

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技术支持：

1)、获取经纬度

通过GPS+基站获取经纬度，先通过GPS来获取，如果为空改用基站进行获取–>GPS+基站(基站获取支持联通、电信、移动)。

2)、实时获取经纬度

为了达到实时获取经纬度，需在后台启动获取经纬度的Service，然后把经纬度数据通过广播发送出去，在需要的地方进行广播注册(比如在Activity中注册广播，显示在界面中)–>涉及到Service+BroadcastReceiver+Activity+Thread等知识点。

备注：本文注重实践，如有看不懂的，先去巩固下知识点，可以去看看前面相关的几篇文章。

1、CellInfo实体类–>基站信息

package com.ljq.activity;/** * 基站信息 * * @author jiqinlin * */public class CellInfo { /** 基站id，用来找到基站的位置 */ private int cellId; /** 移动国家码，共3位，中国为460，即imsi前3位 */ private String mobileCountryCode="460"; /** 移动网络码，共2位，在中国，移动的代码为00和02，联通的代码为01，电信的代码为03，即imsi第4~5位 */ private String mobileNetworkCode="0"; /** 地区区域码 */ private int locationAreaCode; /** 信号类型[选 gsm|cdma|wcdma] */ private String radioType=""; public CellInfo() { } public int getCellId() { return cellId; } public void setCellId(int cellId) { this.cellId = cellId; } public String getMobileCountryCode() { return mobileCountryCode; } public void setMobileCountryCode(String mobileCountryCode) { this.mobileCountryCode = mobileCountryCode; } public String getMobileNetworkCode() { return mobileNetworkCode; } public void setMobileNetworkCode(String mobileNetworkCode) { this.mobileNetworkCode = mobileNetworkCode; } public int getLocationAreaCode() { return locationAreaCode; } public void setLocationAreaCode(int locationAreaCode) { this.locationAreaCode = locationAreaCode; } public String getRadioType() { return radioType; } public void setRadioType(String radioType) { this.radioType = radioType; }}

2、Gps类–>Gps封装类，用来获取经纬度

package com.ljq.activity;import android.content.Context;import android.location.Criteria;import android.location.Location;import android.location.LocationListener;import android.location.LocationManager;import android.os.Bundle;public class Gps{ private Location location = null; private LocationManager locationManager = null; private Context context = null; /** * 初始化 * * @param ctx */ public Gps(Context ctx) { context=ctx; locationManager=(LocationManager)context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE); location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(getProvider()); locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 2000, 10, locationListener); } // 获取Location Provider private String getProvider() { // 构建位置查询条件 Criteria criteria = new Criteria(); // 查询精度：高 criteria.setAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_FINE); // 是否查询海拨：否 criteria.setAltitudeRequired(false); // 是否查询方位角 : 否 criteria.setBearingRequired(false); // 是否允许付费：是 criteria.setCostAllowed(true); // 电量要求：低 criteria.setPowerRequirement(Criteria.POWER_LOW); // 返回最合适的符合条件的provider，第2个参数为true说明 , 如果只有一个provider是有效的,则返回当前provider return locationManager.getBestProvider(criteria, true); } private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener() { // 位置发生改变后调用 public void onLocationChanged(Location l) { if(l!=null){ location=l; } } // provider 被用户关闭后调用 public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) { location=null; } // provider 被用户开启后调用 public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) { Location l = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(provider); if(l!=null){ location=l; } } // provider 状态变化时调用 public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) { } }; public Location getLocation(){ return location; } public void closeLocation(){ if(locationManager!=null){ if(locationListener!=null){ locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener); locationListener=null; } locationManager=null; } }}

3、GpsService服务类

package com.ljq.activity;import java.util.ArrayList;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.location.Location;import android.os.IBinder;import android.util.Log;public class GpsService extends Service { ArrayList cellIds = null; private Gps gps=null; private boolean threadDisable=false; private final static String TAG=GpsService.class.getSimpleName(); @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); gps=new Gps(GpsService.this); cellIds=UtilTool.init(GpsService.this); new Thread(new Runnable(){ @Override public void run() { while (!threadDisable) { try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if(gps!=null){ //当结束服务时gps为空 //获取经纬度 Location location=gps.getLocation(); //如果gps无法获取经纬度，改用基站定位获取 if(location==null){ Log.v(TAG, "gps location null");//2.根据基站信息获取经纬度 try { location = UtilTool.callGear(GpsService.this, cellIds); } catch (Exception e) { location=null; e.printStackTrace(); } if(location==null){ Log.v(TAG, "cell location null");} } //发送广播 Intent intent=new Intent(); intent.putExtra("lat", location==null?"":location.getLatitude()+""); intent.putExtra("lon", location==null?"":location.getLongitude()+""); intent.setAction("com.ljq.activity.GpsService"); sendBroadcast(intent); } } } }).start(); } @Override public void onDestroy() { threadDisable=true; if(cellIds!=null&&cellIds.size()>0){ cellIds=null; } if(gps!=null){ gps.closeLocation(); gps=null; } super.onDestroy(); } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) { return null; }}

4、GpsActivity–>在界面上实时显示经纬度数据

package com.ljq.activity;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.location.Location;import android.location.LocationManager;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.widget.EditText;import android.widget.Toast;public class GpsActivity extends Activity { private Double homeLat=26.0673834d; //宿舍纬度 private Double homeLon=119.3119936d; //宿舍经度 private EditText editText = null; private MyReceiver receiver=null; private final static String TAG=GpsActivity.class.getSimpleName(); @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); editText=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText); //判断GPS是否可用 Log.i(TAG, UtilTool.isGpsEnabled((LocationManager)getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE))+""); if(!UtilTool.isGpsEnabled((LocationManager)getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE))){ Toast.makeText(this, "GSP当前已禁用，请在您的系统设置屏幕启动。", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); Intent callGPSSettingIntent = new Intent(android.provider.Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS); startActivity(callGPSSettingIntent);return; } //启动服务 startService(new Intent(this, GpsService.class)); //注册广播 receiver=new MyReceiver(); IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter(); filter.addAction("com.ljq.activity.GpsService"); registerReceiver(receiver, filter); } //获取广播数据 private class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();String lon=bundle.getString("lon"); String lat=bundle.getString("lat"); if(lon!=null&&!"".equals(lon)&&lat!=null&&!"".equals(lat)){ double distance=getDistance(Double.parseDouble(lat), Double.parseDouble(lon), homeLat, homeLon); editText.setText("目前经纬度\n经度："+lon+"\n纬度："+lat+"\n离宿舍距离："+java.lang.Math.abs(distance)); }else{ editText.setText("目前经纬度\n经度："+lon+"\n纬度："+lat); } } } @Override protected void onDestroy() { //注销服务 unregisterReceiver(receiver); //结束服务，如果想让服务一直运行就注销此句 stopService(new Intent(this, GpsService.class)); super.onDestroy(); } /** * 把经纬度换算成距离 * * @param lat1 开始纬度 * @param lon1 开始经度 * @param lat2 结束纬度 * @param lon2 结束经度 * @return */ private double getDistance(double lat1, double lon1, double lat2, double lon2) { float[] results = new float[1]; Location.distanceBetween(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, results); return results[0]; } }

5、UtilTool–>工具类

package com.ljq.activity;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import .HttpURLConnection;import .MalformedURLException;import .ProtocolException;import .URL;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Calendar;import java.util.List;import java.util.Locale;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.json.JSONException;import org.json.JSONObject;import android.content.Context;import android.location.Location;import android.location.LocationManager;import android.telephony.NeighboringCellInfo;import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;import android.telephony.cdma.CdmaCellLocation;import android.telephony.gsm.GsmCellLocation;import android.util.Log;import android.widget.Toast;public class UtilTool { public static boolean isGpsEnabled(LocationManager locationManager) { boolean isOpenGPS = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(android.location.LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER); boolean isOpenNetwork = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(android.WORK_PROVIDER); if (isOpenGPS || isOpenNetwork) { return true; } return false; } /** * 根据基站信息获取经纬度 * * 原理向/loc/json发送http的post请求，根据google返回的结果获取经纬度 * * @param cellIds * @return * @throws Exception */ public static Location callGear(Context ctx, ArrayList cellIds) throws Exception { String result=""; JSONObject data=null; if (cellIds == null||cellIds.size()==0) { UtilTool.alert(ctx, "cell request param null"); return null; }; try { result = UtilTool.getResponseResult(ctx, "/loc/json", cellIds); if(result.length() <= 1) return null; data = new JSONObject(result); data = (JSONObject) data.get("location"); Location loc = new Location(WORK_PROVIDER); loc.setLatitude((Double) data.get("latitude")); loc.setLongitude((Double) data.get("longitude")); loc.setAccuracy(Float.parseFloat(data.get("accuracy").toString())); loc.setTime(UtilTool.getUTCTime()); return loc; } catch (JSONException e) { return null; } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * 接收Google返回的数据格式 * * 出参：{"location":{"latitude":26.0673834,"longitude":119.3119936, * "address":{"country":"中国","country_code":"CN","region":"福建省","city":"福州市", * "street":"五一中路","street_number":"128号"},"accuracy":935.0}, * "access_token":"2:xiU8YrSifFHUAvRJ:aj9k70VJMRWo_9_G"} * 请求路径：/maps/geo?key=abcdefg&q=26.0673834,119.3119936 * * @param cellIds * @return * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException * @throws MalformedURLException * @throws IOException * @throws ProtocolException * @throws Exception */ public static String getResponseResult(Context ctx,String path, ArrayList cellInfos) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, MalformedURLException, IOException, ProtocolException, Exception { String result=""; Log.i(ctx.getApplicationContext().getClass().getSimpleName(), "in param: "+getRequestParams(cellInfos)); InputStream inStream=UtilTool.sendPostRequest(path, getRequestParams(cellInfos), "UTF-8"); if(inStream!=null){ byte[] datas=UtilTool.readInputStream(inStream); if(datas!=null&&datas.length>0){ result=new String(datas, "UTF-8"); //Log.i(ctx.getClass().getSimpleName(), "receive result:"+result);//服务器返回的结果信息 Log.i(ctx.getApplicationContext().getClass().getSimpleName(),"google cell receive data result:"+result); }else{ Log.i(ctx.getApplicationContext().getClass().getSimpleName(), "google cell receive data null"); } }else{ Log.i(ctx.getApplicationContext().getClass().getSimpleName(),"google cell receive inStream null"); } return result; } /** * 拼装json请求参数，拼装基站信息 * * 入参：{version: 1.1.0,host: \,home_mobile_country_code: 460, * home_mobile_network_code: 14136, adio_type: cdma, equest_address: true, * address_language: zh_CN,cell_towers:[{cell_id: 12835,location_area_code: 6, * mobile_country_code: 460,mobile_network_code: 14136,age: 0}]} * @param cellInfos * @return */ public static String getRequestParams(List cellInfos){ StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer(""); sb.append("{"); if(cellInfos!=null&&cellInfos.size()>0){ sb.append("version: 1.1.0,"); //google api 版本[必] sb.append("host: \,"); //服务器域名[必] sb.append("home_mobile_country_code: "+cellInfos.get(0).getMobileCountryCode()+","); //移动用户所属国家代号[选 中国460] sb.append("home_mobile_network_code: "+cellInfos.get(0).getMobileNetworkCode()+","); //移动系统号码[默认0] sb.append(" adio_type: \"+cellInfos.get(0).getRadioType()+","); //信号类型[选 gsm|cdma|wcdma] sb.append(" equest_address: true,"); //是否返回数据[必] sb.append("address_language: zh_CN,"); //反馈数据语言[选 中国 zh_CN] sb.append("cell_towers:["); //移动基站参数对象[必] for(CellInfo cellInfo:cellInfos){ sb.append("{"); sb.append("cell_id: \"+cellInfo.getCellId()+","); //基站ID[必] sb.append("location_area_code: "+cellInfo.getLocationAreaCode()+","); //地区区域码[必] sb.append("mobile_country_code: "+cellInfo.getMobileCountryCode()+","); sb.append("mobile_network_code: "+cellInfo.getMobileNetworkCode()+","); sb.append("age: 0"); //使用好久的数据库[选 默认0表示使用最新的数据库] sb.append("},"); } sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1); sb.append("]"); } sb.append("}"); return sb.toString(); } /** * 获取UTC时间 * * UTC + 时区差 ＝ 本地时间(北京为东八区) * * @return */ public static long getUTCTime() { //取得本地时间 Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(Locale.CHINA); //取得时间偏移量 int zoneOffset = cal.get(java.util.Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET);//取得夏令时差 int dstOffset = cal.get(java.util.Calendar.DST_OFFSET);//从本地时间里扣除这些差量，即可以取得UTC时间 cal.add(java.util.Calendar.MILLISECOND, -(zoneOffset + dstOffset));return cal.getTimeInMillis(); } /** * 初始化，记得放在onCreate()方法里初始化，获取基站信息 * * @return */ public static ArrayList init(Context ctx) { ArrayList cellInfos = new ArrayList(); TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) ctx.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE); //网络制式 int type = tm.getNetworkType(); /** * 获取SIM卡的IMSI码 * SIM卡唯一标识：IMSI 国际移动用户识别码（IMSI：International Mobile Subscriber Identification Number）是区别移动用户的标志， * 储存在SIM卡中，可用于区别移动用户的有效信息。IMSI由MCC、MNC、MSIN组成，其中MCC为移动国家号码，由3位数字组成， * 唯一地识别移动客户所属的国家，我国为460；MNC为网络id，由2位数字组成， * 用于识别移动客户所归属的移动网络，中国移动为00，中国联通为01,中国电信为03；MSIN为移动客户识别码，采用等长11位数字构成。 * 唯一地识别国内GSM移动通信网中移动客户。所以要区分是移动还是联通，只需取得SIM卡中的MNC字段即可 */ String imsi = tm.getSubscriberId(); alert(ctx, "imsi: "+imsi); //为了区分移动、联通还是电信，推荐使用imsi来判断(万不得己的情况下用getNetworkType()判断，比如imsi为空时) if(imsi!=null&&!"".equals(imsi)){ alert(ctx, "imsi"); if (imsi.startsWith("46000") || imsi.startsWith("46002")) {// 因为移动网络编号46000下的IMSI已经用完，所以虚拟了一个46002编号，134/159号段使用了此编号 // 中国移动 mobile(cellInfos, tm); } else if (imsi.startsWith("46001")) { // 中国联通 union(cellInfos, tm); } else if (imsi.startsWith("46003")) { // 中国电信 cdma(cellInfos, tm); } }else{ alert(ctx, "type"); // 在中国，联通的3G为UMTS或HSDPA，电信的3G为EVDO // 在中国，移动的2G是EGDE，联通的2G为GPRS，电信的2G为CDMA // String OperatorName = tm.getNetworkOperatorName(); //中国电信 if (type == WORK_TYPE_EVDO_A || type == WORK_TYPE_EVDO_0 || type == WORK_TYPE_CDMA || type ==WORK_TYPE_1xRTT){ cdma(cellInfos, tm); } //移动(EDGE（2.75G）是GPRS（2.5G）的升级版，速度比GPRS要快。目前移动基本在国内升级普及EDGE，联通则在大城市部署EDGE。) else if(type == WORK_TYPE_EDGE || type == WORK_TYPE_GPRS ){ mobile(cellInfos, tm); } //联通(EDGE（2.75G）是GPRS（2.5G）的升级版，速度比GPRS要快。目前移动基本在国内升级普及EDGE，联通则在大城市部署EDGE。) else if(type == WORK_TYPE_GPRS ||type == WORK_TYPE_EDGE ||type == WORK_TYPE_UMTS ||type == WORK_TYPE_HSDPA){ union(cellInfos, tm); } } return cellInfos; } /** * 电信 * * @param cellInfos * @param tm */ private static void cdma(ArrayList cellInfos, TelephonyManager tm) { CdmaCellLocation location = (CdmaCellLocation) tm.getCellLocation(); CellInfo info = new CellInfo(); info.setCellId(location.getBaseStationId()); info.setLocationAreaCode(location.getNetworkId()); info.setMobileNetworkCode(String.valueOf(location.getSystemId())); info.setMobileCountryCode(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(0, 3)); info.setRadioType("cdma"); cellInfos.add(info); //前面获取到的都是单个基站的信息，接下来再获取周围邻近基站信息以辅助通过基站定位的精准性 // 获得邻近基站信息 List list = tm.getNeighboringCellInfo(); int size = list.size(); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { CellInfo cell = new CellInfo(); cell.setCellId(list.get(i).getCid()); cell.setLocationAreaCode(location.getNetworkId()); cell.setMobileNetworkCode(String.valueOf(location.getSystemId())); cell.setMobileCountryCode(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(0, 3)); cell.setRadioType("cdma"); cellInfos.add(cell); } } /** * 移动 * * @param cellInfos * @param tm */ private static void mobile(ArrayList cellInfos, TelephonyManager tm) { GsmCellLocation location = (GsmCellLocation)tm.getCellLocation(); CellInfo info = new CellInfo(); info.setCellId(location.getCid()); info.setLocationAreaCode(location.getLac()); info.setMobileNetworkCode(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(3, 5)); info.setMobileCountryCode(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(0, 3)); info.setRadioType("gsm"); cellInfos.add(info); //前面获取到的都是单个基站的信息，接下来再获取周围邻近基站信息以辅助通过基站定位的精准性 // 获得邻近基站信息 List list = tm.getNeighboringCellInfo(); int size = list.size(); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { CellInfo cell = new CellInfo(); cell.setCellId(list.get(i).getCid()); cell.setLocationAreaCode(location.getLac()); cell.setMobileNetworkCode(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(3, 5)); cell.setMobileCountryCode(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(0, 3)); cell.setRadioType("gsm"); cellInfos.add(cell); } } /** * 联通 * * @param cellInfos * @param tm */ private static void union(ArrayList cellInfos, TelephonyManager tm) { GsmCellLocation location = (GsmCellLocation)tm.getCellLocation(); CellInfo info = new CellInfo(); //经过测试，获取联通数据以下两行必须去掉，否则会出现错误，错误类型为JSON Parsing Error //info.setMobileNetworkCode(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(3, 5)); //info.setMobileCountryCode(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(0, 3)); info.setCellId(location.getCid()); info.setLocationAreaCode(location.getLac()); info.setMobileNetworkCode(""); info.setMobileCountryCode(""); info.setRadioType("gsm"); cellInfos.add(info); //前面获取到的都是单个基站的信息，接下来再获取周围邻近基站信息以辅助通过基站定位的精准性 // 获得邻近基站信息 List list = tm.getNeighboringCellInfo(); int size = list.size(); for (int i = 0; i xml数据 application/x-javascript->json对象 application/x-www-form-urlencoded->表单数据 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-javascript; charset="+ encoding); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length)); conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream(); outStream.write(data); outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); if(conn.getResponseCode()==200) return conn.getInputStream(); return null; } /** * 发送get请求 * * @param path 请求路径 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String sendGetRequest(String path) throws Exception { URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); InputStream inStream = conn.getInputStream(); byte[] data = readInputStream(inStream); String result = new String(data, "UTF-8"); return result; } /** * 从输入流中读取数据 * @param inStream * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{ ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){ outStream.write(buffer, 0, len); } byte[] data = outStream.toByteArray();//网页的二进制数据 outStream.close(); inStream.close(); return data; }}

6、main.xml–>布局文件

7、清单文件

效果如下：

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